Immediate feedback
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Graesser documented some of the dialog moves that tutors generate to nurture the collaborative building of explanations. There is positive, neutral, and negative feedback, as illustrated below [1][2]
- (1) Positive immediate feedback. ‘That’s right,’ ‘Yeah.’
- (2) Neutral immediate feedback. ‘Okay,’ ‘Uh- huh.’
- (3) Negative immediate feedback. ‘Not quite,’ ‘No.’
After this immediate feedback, the tutor normally issues a more substantive dialogue move such as pumping and prompting.
Example (1):
-Explainee: ['Music is not different from life.'] -Explainer: [No.] ---> Negative immediate feedback -Explainee: ["You know, and I think that's probably", 'the greatest attraction to those of us who play music.'] -Explainer: [Yeah., 'Was there ever a point in your life', 'when you were younger where you felt like you had', 'consistently fell back into the same habits?'] ---> Positive immediate feedback
Notes
- ↑ Graesser, A. C., Wiemer-Hastings, K., Wiemer-Hastings, P., Kreuz, R., & Tutoring Research Group. (1999). AutoTutor: A simulation of a human tutor. Cognitive Systems Research, 1(1), 35-51.
- ↑ Person, N. K., Graesser, A. C., Kreuz, R. J., & Pomeroy, V. (2003). Simulating human tutor dialog moves in AutoTutor. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education (IJAIED), 12, 23-39.